Free Access
| Issue |
Lait
Volume 80, Number 1, January-February 2000
New applications of membrane technology in the dairy industry
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|---|---|---|
| Page(s) | 165 - 174 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/lait:2000116 | |
DOI: 10.1051/lait:2000116
Lait 80 (2000) 165-174
Hydrodynamic factors affecting flux and fouling during ultrafiltration of skimmed milk
Alistair S. Grandison, Wirote Youravong, Michael J. Lewis
Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
Abstract:
The effects of independently varying both wall shear stress (
)
and transmembrane pressure (TMP)
on permeate flux and fouling during ultrafiltration of reconstituted skimmed milk in total recycle mode
have been investigated. Irreversible fouling resistance (Rif) increased as TMP increased.
Increasing
at constant TMP led to an increase in both the initial flux, and subsequent flux
decline, and to a decrease in Rif. At the highest ,
increasing TMP resulted in greater
initial flux accompanied by increasing rates of flux decline and more irreversible fouling. Increasing and
then decreasing TMP in a controlled, stepwise manner at constant
suggested that flux is
governed by both a reversible, and an irreversible fouling layer which forms at higher TMP; this also
controlled the transmission of protein. Critical operating conditions producing the least fouling were
evaluated during this procedure.
)
and transmembrane pressure (TMP)
on permeate flux and fouling during ultrafiltration of reconstituted skimmed milk in total recycle mode
have been investigated. Irreversible fouling resistance (Rif) increased as TMP increased.
Increasing
at constant TMP led to an increase in both the initial flux, and subsequent flux
decline, and to a decrease in Rif. At the highest ,
increasing TMP resulted in greater
initial flux accompanied by increasing rates of flux decline and more irreversible fouling. Increasing and
then decreasing TMP in a controlled, stepwise manner at constant
suggested that flux is
governed by both a reversible, and an irreversible fouling layer which forms at higher TMP; this also
controlled the transmission of protein. Critical operating conditions producing the least fouling were
evaluated during this procedure.
ultrafiltration / fouling / critical flux / wall shear stress
Correspondence and reprints: A.-S. Grandison
agrandis@afnovell.reading.ac.uk
Copyright INRA, EDP Sciences